Sea Archives | Page 66 of 71

Record-breaking numbers of new ships may be placebo

Mar 10, 2022 | Sea

Container shipping lines have used massive profits accrued since 2020, to refresh their fleets with modern, high-spec vessels, but their investment may only slightly alleviate port congestion and equipment shortages.

Soaring freight rates, post-Covid lockdown, have generated cash on an unprecedented scale for the global shipping lines, with Maersk expecting 2022 to be another bumper year, earning almost $50bn in profits over 24 months, while 3rd quarter profits at CMA CGM rose tenfold in 2021 and first-half profits Cosco were 21 times higher than before.

The major carriers are investing their windfall profits, to renew their fleets with modern, high-spec tonnage and, with plenty of money still to be made, everyone is rushing to get their ships into the water as soon as possible.

Early delivery rates are much sought after and many carriers have signed contracts for new container ships at yards, better known for building bulkers, tankers, or RoRo ferries.

By February, the global orderbook-to-fleet ratio had crept up to 25%. This is a long way short of the 65% seen in 2008’s Bull market, when the lines were all chasing market share, but then again, @ 25 Mteu, the global fleet is twice the size now.

The uptick in orders commenced in mid-2020, when the order- book-to-fleet ratio was only 9%, with new build deliveries this year forecast at around 1.10 Mteu, which is roughly in line with the average delivered in 2016 - 2021.

For a fleet size of 25 Mteu and assuming a realistic usable service life of 25 years for a container vessel, this year’s projection of an additional 1.10 Mteu, is essentially a zero-growth replenishment rate and will only slightly alleviate port congestion and equipment shortage.

The new vessel deliveries will only slightly alleviate the pain caused by port congestion and equipment shortage because, there will not be enough new ships to replace the capacity shortfalls caused by system inefficiencies which are currently swallowing up about 10% of ’dynamic’ shipping capacity.

The vast majority of container ships ordered in the recent boom will not join active service until 2023 and 2024, when we will see record deliveries of close to 2.40 Mteu

Any slowdown in demand for space by shippers, could similarly push owners to defer some tonnage delivery until 2025.

Over 50 of the very largest container ships, the so-called megamax, will join the global fleet by 2024, as Evergreen, MSC, ONE, Hapag-Lloyd, and OOCL pursue increasing economies of scale.

Capable of carrying over 24,000 teu, these giants measure 400 meters long and 60 meters wide and their immense scale overwhelms many global ports, creating additional risks of supply chain disruptions and port congestion.

Port inefficiencies are magnified by megamax ships, because they strain every aspect of operations. The megamax requires more of almost everything:

Access channel depth and width
Air draft
Depth alongside
Quay length
Ship to shore crane systems height, outreach and width
Landside storage capacity
Yard equipment and terminal operating systems
Road, rail and barge access
Capacity to expand

Global logistics, freight operations and infrastructure are transforming, as the intense and sustained pressure that supply chains have been subjected to, expose weaknesses and inefficiencies.

We will continue to use our market knowledge, extensive industry contacts and global network, to share the most important perceptions and developments, so that you have the insights required to make the most critical decisions.

We negotiate rate and volume agreements with carriers across all three alliances, which means we have the freedom to react to market conditions and changes.

Please contact Elliot Carlile to discuss your supply chain expectations and ensure your business is ‘future proofed’.

Sea freight facing even more challenges

Mar 10, 2022 | Rail, Sea, Supply Chain

Low-sulphur fuel container ship bunker prices have increased by a third since Russia’s move on Ukraine, with bunker surcharges rising around 15% and expected to spike further with crude oil hitting new highs of more than double the price at the beginning of the year.

Expect the carriers to claw back as much cash as possible in the form of emergency bunker surcharges and increased use of slow-steaming to mitigate the financial impact.

We are seeing delays and detention of cargo by overseas customs authorities seeking Russian and prohibited cargo and French customs officers have already seized two vessels suspected of breaching sanctions.

Until trade lanes are free of Russian containers, disruption is to be expected, as customs intercede, cargo is identified, offloaded and (ideally, to free up much needed equipment) unloaded.

Dwell time for containers and vessels is a key indicator of port efficiency. The longer cargo is stuck in port, the more it potentially costs shippers, in rent, inventory holding and tied up working capital and container ships operate to stringent schedules, which means any delay ripples across the entire service.

During unexpected increases in dwell time, port operators increase stack heights and store containers on every available space in their yards, which significantly lowers productivity, potentially exacerbating dwell time.

Dwell times have increased 43% across Europe since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, with consumer packaged goods, food and beverages, hit particularly hard, as dwell times increased by 55%.

Container ships are skipping ports to try and maintain their schedules or, at best, limit delays, which are averaging 17 days and unchanged since last November.

Average round trip duration for all seven OCEAN Alliance Asia - North Europe loops however stood at 93 days, compared to an average round voyage time of 78 days.

China to Europe rail freight operations are apparently continuing, though major service providers have added Moscow ally Belarus to their booking suspensions, which effectively blocks rail shipments on much of the Asia-North Europe network, because containers must be transferred to different gauge trains on entering Europe, with the busiest crossing at the Małaszewicze-Brest reloading area on the Poland-Belarus border.

Increasing in popularity with shippers, particularly for high-value products that would benefit from a faster transit, rail freight from China has grown massively since the advent of the COVID pandemic, with volumes surging 29% last year, to 1.46m teu.

The displacement of such massive volumes will have a profound impact on other modes from Asia, taking much needed capacity and putting even more pressure on pricing.

Air cargo shippers on Asia to Europe lanes, that are already anticipating a hike in prices as a substantial amount of capacity has come out of the market, as a direct result of Russia’s move on Ukraine, could be hit particularly hard.

Supply chains are facing a new set of challenges and with conditions changing rapidly, upstream and downstream, we are working closely with our network partners, to proactively identify potential issues and take any action necessary to protect our customers.

We maintain long-term contracts and space agreements with leading airlines, carriers and shipping lines, which means we can provide the best alternatives and options, whatever the situation.

Our proactive team, leading-edge technology and open communication, provide our customers with the real-time visibility, control and intelligence they need, to maintain resilient, flexible and reliable supply chains.

US ports to offer storage while others struggle

Out of position empty containers may cause further supply chain impact later this year

Feb 23, 2022 | Coronavirus, Sea, Supply Chain

When global supply chains finally start to return to some form of normality, which many hope to see in the second half of the year, carriers face more headaches, with an avalanche of empty containers predicted to cause chaos. Who would have thought it?

Full year 2021 demand for sea freight growth was 6.5% compared to 2020 and up by 5.3% compared to 2019, meaning an average annual growth rate of 2.6% compared to pre-pandemic 2019.

The problem in the supply chain is therefore not that of global demand, but the highly skewed nature of the global shipping market where we have seen super strong growth of imports from Asia to North America and consistent increases to Europe, but either slow output or outright declines on other trade lanes.

In 2021, overall demand was equivalent to loading (and shipping) 6 TEU every second throughout the year, but disruptions and bottlenecks in the supply chain during the pandemic have led to vessels being delayed for extended periods, which effectively reduces the amount of capacity in the market and increased the need for additional container capacity to be introduced.

Despite the introduction of millions of new and diverted containers, the gap between effective demand and available supply has been over 15% in the past year, which highlights the continuing challenge we face in positioning equipment in many origins.

We see the shortage of containers driven by three elements: onward intermodal connections; port and terminals; and shipping schedule considerations.

It is the consistent resolution of these problems, that will ultimately dictate how quickly the supply chain crisis is resolved, and consequently how long it will take for equipment availability to normalise. In the right place at the right time.

In short, until land-side issues are resolved and shipping schedules restored, there will be no let up on equipment availability pressures. The variables in shipping are intrinsically interwoven with resulting consequences that cause unrelated but direct issues to container movements.

But, when supply chains do finally start to shorten, it will release a large amount of empty containers, 3.5m TEU from the transpacific alone, which will potentially create a new wave of congestion problems in the second half of 2022 and in 2023, in terminals as well as container depots.

Carriers and container leasing companies need to start planning for this development, or the resolution of operational bottleneck problems will create a ripple effect, with the potential of overwhelming container depots in the US, Europe and globally, where cargo imbalances are experienced.

Supply chains have never faced so many challenges and with local conditions changing rapidly it is critical that you have the ability to react quickly to new challenges - like a deluge of empty containers creating unexpected bottlenecks.

Our MVT supply chain platform gives you the power to improve your supply chain resilience across five key areas:

PERCEPTION – With a thorough understanding of our customers’ requirements and objectives we create supply chain solutions that draw on all options available in the current market.

VISIBILITY – Linking your supply chain participants and critical time-scaled events to provide end-to-end visibility across the extended supply network, with global control down to individual SKU level.

AGILITY – Proactively managing your supply chain flow means slower moving lines from any origin can be deferred, while priority orders can be highlighted and expedited, to increase speed to market and accelerate the cash-to-cash cycle.

FLEXIBILITY – It is simple to change supply lines, adding and monitoring new vendors, product flows and outbound order data, from any location.

CONTINGENCY – MVT’s exception alerts and rules-based solutions, correct operational non-conformities, without human intervention, or alert users to issues outside set-parameters for corrective action.

For specific information, or to discuss how our technology could support your supply chain, please contact Simon George our Technical Solutions Director or Elliot Carlile.

Valuable automotive RoRo vessel abandoned mid-Atlantic – and it is fully loaded

Feb 23, 2022 | Automotive, Sea, Supply Chain

The Felicity Ace - which has not sadly sunk - was en-route from Germany to the USA, with 4,000 Volkswagen AG vehicles aboard, when it caught fire near the Azores islands in the Atlantic Ocean last week. The Portuguese Air Force were the first to arrive at the stricken vessel, air-lifting off the crew and leaving the Felicity Ace to float mid-Atlantic, awaiting the arrival of fire-fighter tugs.

The RoRo ship was carrying about 4,000 Volkswagen AG vehicles, which could cost the brand at least $155 million, according to risk-modelling estimates, with Volkswagen, Porsche, Audi, Bentley and Lamborghini models on the vessel. Auto manufacturers other than VW may have lost about $246 million worth of vehicles.

Two large tugs with firefighting equipment rendezvoused with the Felicity Ace earlier this week to start spraying water and work with an initial salvage team that was already on board to cool down the ship.

No oil leakage has been detected, the vessel remains stable and MOL are expected to set up a website to provide updates on the incident.

This latest incident underlines once again the precariousness of global supply chains and the critical need for appropriate marine insurance cover.

The loss of so many vehicles and critical RoRo capacity - which could be the equivalent of 100k vehicles p.a. until the ship returns - comes at a bad time for global carmakers who are in the middle of a supply chain crisis sourcing semiconductors, resulting in extended delays for new cars and is likely to result in rate hikes, on a transport mode that was already massively over-subscribed.

The fire on the Felicity Ace could drive a marine re/insurance market loss of $500 million and while shipping losses have declined over the past 10 years, analysis shows that fires on board vessels remains one of the main safety concerns and have actually increased in recent years.

Metro did not have any of our customers products on this vessel but we are well prepared to provide assistance in air freighting replacement vehicles to their destinations to ensure demand is satisfied. We move huge numbers of vehicles every year globally by all modes and always consider and deliver available solutions in the current global market, within the automotive vertical, regardless of the challenges.

Carriers like MOL operate under conditions that limit their liability and may even require you to compensate them, in certain circumstances. Any compensation you may eventually receive is likely to be considerably lower than your actual loss.

Metro recommend and offer All Risk marine insurance cover that protects your cargo during every stage of transportation and storage, on a per shipment or annual cover basis, to the full value of the goods.

Metro has specialised in the automotive and construction vehicle sectors for over four decades. Working with many of the most respected and established brands, our specialist teams coordinate the end to end movement of vehicles and machinery around the world.

Long-standing partnerships and volume agreements with the leading RoRo carriers and container shipping lines means we can offer the widest choice of services, routes and solutions.

For further information please contact Tom Fernihough, our Automotive Director, for the latest advice and market news relating to the global supply chain of finished vehicles.

Image source: Portugese Navy